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Pathophysiology of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)
Step 1: The heart gets damaged due to conditions like heart attack, hypertension, valve disease, or cardiomyopathy.
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Step 2: The damaged heart cannot pump blood effectively.
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Step 3: Blood supply to the body decreases, so the body tries to compensate.
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Step 4: The body activates RAAS and the sympathetic nervous system, so more sodium and water are retained.
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Step 5: Sodium and water retention increases blood volume, so the workload on the heart increases.
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Step 6: The weak heart cannot handle the extra blood volume, so fluid starts accumulating in the body.
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Step 7: Fluid accumulates in the lungs, so breathlessness and cough occur.
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Step 8: Fluid also accumulates in the legs, ankles, and feet, so swelling (edema) develops.
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Step 9: This fluid congestion in the lungs and body tissues results in Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). ❤️💧
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