Modern pharmaceutical analytical techniques are advanced scientific methods used to identify, quantify, and evaluate the quality, purity, and safety of drugs and pharmaceutical products. These techniques ensure compliance with regulatory standards and support drug development, manufacturing, and quality control. Common methods include spectroscopic techniques (UV-Vis, IR, NMR), chromatographic methods (HPLC, GC, TLC), electrophoresis, and hyphenated techniques like LC-MS and GC-MS. Their precision, sensitivity, and reliability make them essential for pharmaceutical research, formulation development, bioanalysis, and stability studies.