Disease Related

BETHANECHOL

Bethanechol is a synthetic cholinergic agonist primarily used to treat urinary retention and stimulate bladder contractions. It selectively targets muscarinic receptors, promoting smooth muscle activity in the bladder. Unlike acetylcholine, bethanechol has a longer duration of action due to its resistance to acetylcholinesterase, making it effective for enhancing urination.

Bethanechol is a cholinergic agonist that mimics the action of acetylcholine (ACh) in the body. It is a synthetic compound that stimulates muscarinic receptors, producing various physiological effects.

Chemical Structure:

  • Molecular Formula: C7H17NO3
  • Chemical Name: 2-[(Aminocarbonyl)oxy]-N,N-diethyl-N-methylethanaminium

Pharmacological Effects:

  • Stimulates smooth muscle contraction
  • Increases bladder muscle tone and urinary output
  • Stimulates gastrointestinal motility and secretion
  • Increases salivation and sweating
  • Lowers intraocular pressure

Clinical Uses:

  • Treatment of urinary retention and neurogenic bladder
  • Gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., postoperative ileus)
  • Diagnostic tool for gastrointestinal motility disorders
  • Used in ophthalmic solutions to induce miosis

Side Effects:

  • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
  • Headache, dizziness, and weakness
  • Abdominal cramps and discomfort
  • Flushing, sweating, and hypersalivation
  • Bronchospasm and respiratory distress (rare)

Contraindications:

  • Asthma, COPD, and other respiratory conditions
  • Peptic ulcer disease
  • Hyperthyroidism
  • Pregnancy and lactation
  • Hypotension and cardiac arrhythmias

Note: Bethanechol is a potent cholinergic agent and should be used with caution, under medical supervision.