BP201T. HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY-II Books
- Human Anatomy: The study of the structure and organization of the human body, including its systems, organs, tissues, and cells.
- Human Physiology: The study of the functions and processes that occur within the human body, including the interactions and relationships between its systems, organs, tissues, and cells.
Course Content
Unit Title
Content
UNIT-I
- Nervous system- Organizationof nervous system, neuron, neuroglia, classification and properties of nerve fibre, electrophysiology, action potential, nerve impulse, receptors ,synapse, neurotransmitters.
- Central nervous system: Meninges, ventricles of brain and
cerebrospinal fluid.structure and functions of brain (cerebrum, brain
stem, cerebellum), spinal cord (gross structure, functions of afferent
andefferentnervetracts,reflexactivity)
UNIT-II
- DIgestive system- Anatomyof GI Tract with special reference to anatomy and functions of stomach, ( Acid production in the stomach, regulation of acid production through parasympathetic nervous system, pepsin role in protein digestion)small intestine and large intestine, anatomy and functions of salivary glands, pancreas and liver, movements of GIT, digestion and absorption of nutrients and disorders of GIT.
- Energetics
Formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate and BMR
UNIT-III
- Respiratory system- Anatomy of respiratory system with special reference to anatomy of lungs, mechanism of respiration, regulation of respiration Lung Volumes and capacities transport of respiratory gases, artificial respiration, and resuscitation methods.
- Urinary system
Anatomy of urinary tract with special reference to anatomy of kidney and nephrons, functions of kidney and urinary tract, physiology of urine formation, micturition reflex and role of kidneys in acid base balance, role of RAS in kidney and disorders of kidney
UNIT-IV
- Endocrine system- Classification of hormones, mechanism of hormone action, structure and functions of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, pineal gland, thymus and their disorders.
UNIT-V
- Reproductive system- Anatomy of male and female reproductive system, Functions of male and female reproductive system, sex hormones, physiology of menstruation, fertilization, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, pregnancy and parturition
- Introduction to genetics
Chromosomes, genes and DNA, protein synthesis, genetic pattern of inheritance
Learning Objectives
- Appreciate the interlinked mechanisms in the maintenance of normal functioning (homeostasis) of human body
- Perform the hematological tests like blood cell counts, haemoglobin estimation, bleeding/clotting time etc and also record blood pressure, heart rate, pulse and respiratory volume
- Identify the various tissues and organs of different systems of human body.
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